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用英语讲中国建筑文化

中国水利水电出版社
    【作 者】韩松 吕静 赵妍 齐媛媛等 编 【I S B N 】978-7-5226-4873-6 【责任编辑】邓建梅 【适用读者群】外语学习 【出版时间】2026-10-27 【开 本】16开 【装帧信息】平装(光膜) 【版 次】第1版第1次印刷 【页 数】 【千字数】296 【印 张】11.5 【定 价】¥49.9 【丛 书】 【备注信息】
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    内 容 提 要

    中国建筑是凝固的华夏史诗,承载着中华五千多年文明的深厚底蕴。本书以通俗生动的语言、多维视角系统双语解读中国建筑文化。全书从传承、色彩、营造、人文、地域、礼祭、自然等多个维度全面阐释中式建筑之美,详解木构架、榫卯、斗拱等传统营造技艺,梳理民居、宫殿、坛庙、园林、陵寝等各类建筑风貌,同时梳理古今建筑名家的传承与创新脉络,串联近代经典建筑与现代多元地标,完整呈现中国建筑从古至今的发展脉络。书中的“天人合一”“中庸和谐”东方理念,既能让读者体悟古人匠心、涵养文化自信,也为外国友人解锁中国文化基因,读懂中式建筑美学提供帮助。

    本书既可作为中学生、大学生的传统文化科普读物,也可供四六级、考研英语考生积累中国文化主题素材,同时适合建筑专业师生、涉外交流人员及传统文化爱好者阅读学习。

    亲爱的读者朋友们:

    当你翻开此书,便已踏上一场跨越千年的建筑之约、一场浸润华夏底蕴的文化探寻之旅。在人类文明的长河中,建筑始终是屹立不朽的精神丰碑。它静默伫立山河之间,承载时代变迁,记录人间烟火,将不同年代的人文风貌、审美理念与精神内核,深深镌刻于梁柱砖瓦之上。中国建筑从来不只是遮风避雨的场所,它们是活着的教科书:榫卯教会我们刚柔相济,园林告诉我们师法自然。从梁思成抢救古建到王澍践行现代营造,传承从未停止。

    本书以通俗生动的语言、多元丰富的视角,全方位解锁中国建筑的独特魅力,为广大读者打开一扇通往中华建筑文化宝库的大门。无论你是求知求索的青年学子,还是钟情东方文化、渴望读懂中国的外国友人,都能在字里行间窥见中式建筑的极致风华。

    传统技艺,是中国建筑的核心灵魂。独树一帜的木构架体系,撑起了华夏古建的万千气象,孕育出无数传世经典;不用一钉一铆的榫卯结构,稳固千年、巧夺天工,是古人造物智慧的绝佳诠释;精巧繁复的斗拱构件,错落有致、灵动雅致,如同古建筑身上精妙的“立体魔方”,尽显中式营造的极致匠心。横亘山河的万里长城,历经千年风雨依旧巍然屹立,不仅是旷世工程奇迹,更承载着中华民族坚韧不屈、守望山河的民族风骨。

    中国建筑之美,藏于形制,亦溶于色彩。朱红宫墙、鎏金琉璃,彰显着皇家礼制的庄严恢弘;素白墙面、青黑黛瓦,演绎出中式山水的清雅淡泊,一浓一淡、一庄一雅,尽显中国人独有的审美情趣与处世哲学。从地域民居到皇家礼制建筑,中式美学包罗万象:北京四合院规整温润,藏市井烟火与家国温情;徽州古民居错落清幽,融山水意境与人文底蕴;宫殿建筑诠释秩序之美,坛庙建筑承载礼祭之道,古典园林演绎自然之趣,帝王陵墓寄托永恒之思。而近现代建筑的迭代革新,则生动镌刻着时代发展的步伐与传统文化的创新传承。

    千年建筑文脉的赓续,离不开一代代匠人学者的坚守与求索。从百工之祖鲁班开创营造技艺先河,到梁思成、林徽因等先辈躬身深耕、溯源拾遗,无数从业者以初心守传承、以情怀兴文脉,让中国建筑文化跨越时空、生生不息。

    本书是读懂中国建筑的入门指南,更是体悟中国文化的精神密钥。中式建筑贯穿始终的“天人合一”生态理念、“中庸和谐”审美内核,正是中国人精神世界与处世哲学的物质投射。翻阅此书,你既能沉浸式感受古人的超凡创造力与营造智慧,体悟中式建筑的工程之美、艺术之美与文化之美,更能溯源华夏文脉,厚植文化自信,汲取砥砺前行的精神力量。

    本书由吉林建筑科技学院多位教师参与编著,参编人员有:韩松、吕静、赵妍、齐媛媛、孙佳、刘季陶、瞿萧羽、蔡姣姣、张诗雅、霍冬雪、王汉、邹荣华、陶婷婷。愿此书成为你探索中华建筑文化的引路知音,在年轻学子心中播下热爱传统、传承文明的种子,也让世界各国友人深度领略东方建筑的独特韵味,真切感受中华传统文化的博大精深。

    谨以此书,致敬所有建造者、守护者与传承者。愿你成为下一个讲述中国建筑故事的人。

    编者

    2026年9月

    前言
    第1章 Inherited Beauty of Chinese Architecture
    中国建筑传承之美 001
    1.1 Timber Framing: originating from nature, a complete system, precise structure
    木构架:源于自然,体系完整,构造精准 002
    1.2 Dougong: “Rubik’s Cube” of Building Blocks, exquisite components, unique shapes
    斗拱:积木魔方,构件精巧,造型独特 005
    1.3 Mortise-and-tenon Joints: interlocking concaves and convexes, with sturdiness and
    durability, exquisite craftsmanship 榫卯:凹凸相接,坚固耐用,工艺精湛 007
    1.4 The Profound Wonders of Roofs: ingenious roof construction, exquisite craftsmanship, meticulous design屋顶上的乾坤:匠心筑顶,巧夺天工,精筑巧构 010
    1.5 The Great Wall: the backbone of China, resembling a giant dragon, an engineering
    marvel万里长城:华夏脊梁,宛如巨龙,工程奇迹 013
    1.6 Architectural Decoration: exquisite carvings, far-reaching connotations, agile rhythm
    建筑装饰:精雕细琢,寓意深远,灵动韵致 016
    1.7 Yingzao Fashi (Standards for State Construction): the secret code treasury, unique
    ingenuity《营造法式》:密码宝典,独具匠心 019
    1.8 Yuanye (The Craft of Gardens): artfully constructed by humans, seemingly born
    of nature 《园冶》:虽由人作,宛自天开 022
    第2章 Aesthetic Beauty of Colors in Chinese Architecture​
    中国建筑色彩之美 025
    2.1 Red Walls and Yellow Tiles: hierarchical in status, resplendent in color, magnificent in momentum红墙黄瓦:等级分明,色彩艳丽,气势恢宏 026
    2.2 Colorful Glazed Tiles: exquisitely crafted, meticulously made, rich in color
    彩色琉璃瓦:工艺考究,制作精良,色彩斑斓 028
    2.3 Black and White: white walls and dark tiles, ink-wash elegance, natural harmony
    黑与白:白墙黛瓦,水墨丹青,自然和谐 032
    2.4 Green and Blue Decorative Paintings: elegant in color, exquisite in pattern, rich
    in culture青绿彩画:色彩典雅,图案精美,文化深厚 034
    2.5 Golden Decorations: glistening golden radiance, noble luxury, profound connotations
    金色装饰:金辉闪耀,尊贵奢华,寓意深远​ 036
    第3章 Constructional Beauty of Chinese Architecture
    中国建筑营造之美 039
    3.1 The Palace Museum: the foremost palace with grand layout, outer court and inner
    palace, a cultural treasure北京故宫:宫殿之首,布局宏大,外朝内廷,文化瑰宝 040
    3.2 The Main Hall of Foguang Temple: Tang style, large components, deep eaves
    佛光寺大殿:唐风尽显,构件硕大,挑檐深邃 047
    3.3 The Main Hall of Nanchan Temple: another Tang‑style form, small and exquisite,
    simple and elegant南禅寺大殿:唐风多样,小巧玲珑,古朴典雅 050
    3.4 Yingxian Wooden Pagoda: a wooden architectural marvel featuring mortise-and-
    tenon joints应县木塔:木构奇迹,榫卯连接,建筑瑰宝 052
    3.5 Dule Temple, Tianjin: a thousand-year-old temple, lingering style of the hip roof,
    unparalleled pavilion sculptures天津独乐寺:千年古刹,庑殿遗风,阁塑无双 055
    第4章 Humanistic Beauty of Chinese Architecture
    中国建筑人文之美 058
    4.1 Lu Ban: the founding father, a great inventor with extraordinary contributions
    鲁班:开山鼻祖,发明巨匠,贡献非凡 059
    4.2 Liang Sicheng and Lin Huiyin: distinguished scholars, pioneering architects,
    renowned educators 梁思成、林徽因:杰出学者,建筑先师,教育名家 061
    4.3 Yang Tingbao: “Yang in the South and Liang in the North”, a great architect, academician
    and renowned teacher杨廷宝:“南杨北梁”,建筑大家,院士名师 066
    4.4 Ieoh Ming Pei: an international master renowned both at home and abroad
    贝聿铭:国际大师,声振中外 070
    4.5 Wang Shu: a “Pritzker Prize” winner with an unremitting pursuit of originality
    王澍:“普奖”得主,不懈追求,独具匠心 073
    4.6 Liu Jiakun: a “Pritzker Prize” winner — architectural genius and writer
    刘家琨:“普奖”得主, 建筑鬼才,文学作家 075
    第5章 Residential Architecture — Beauty of the Region
    住宅建筑地域之美 078
    5.1 Beijing Siheyuan: symmetrical layout, emphasis on feng shui, Confucian ethics
    北京四合院:布局对称,注重风水,儒家伦理 079
    5.2 Ancient Dwellings in Huizhou: green mountains and clear waters, white walls and
    black tiles, four waters gathering in the courtyard
    徽州古民居:青山绿水,白墙黛瓦,四水归堂 081
    5.3 Loess Plateau Cave Dwellings: use of local materials, warm in winter and cool in
    summer, green architecture黄土高原窑洞:就地取材,冬暖夏凉,绿色建筑 084
    5.4 Folk Dwellings of Central Shanxi: single-slope roof, long and narrow courtyard,
    three-section compound 晋中民居:单坡屋顶,窄长院落,三进合院 086
    5.5 Stilt Houses in Western Hunan: hugging mountains and waters, ground-floor elevation, staggered in tiers湘西吊脚楼:依山傍水,底层架空,高低错落 088
    5.6 The Dai Bamboo House: bamboo and wood structure, high-stilt design, moisture-proof
    and insect-resistant傣家竹楼:竹木结构,高脚设计,防潮防虫 090
    5.7 Ayiwang of Uyghur Ethnic Group in Xinjiang: earth and wood structure, spacious
    courtyard, gorgeous decoration
    新疆维吾尔族阿以旺:土木结构,庭院宽敞,装饰华丽 092
    5.8 The Hakka Tulou: thick walls and narrow windows, exquisite structure, grand scale
    客家土楼:厚墙狭窗,结构精巧,规模宏大 094
    5.9 Tibetan Blockhouse: stone-wood structure, flat roofs and thick walls, defense
    and security functions藏族碉房:石木结构,平顶厚墙,御敌防盗 096
    5.10 Mongolian Yurt: circular dome, easy assembly and disassembly, adapted to
    nomadism蒙古包:圆形穹顶,便于拆装,适应游牧 098
    第6章 Altar and Temple Architecture — The Beauty of Ritual and Sacrifice
    坛庙建筑礼祭之美 101
    6.1 The Temple of Heaven in Beijing: imperial altar, round heaven and square earth, hall
    of prayer for good harvests, circular mound altar
    北京天坛:皇家祭坛,天圆地方,祈年圣殿,圜丘穹宇 102
    6.2 The Confucius Temple in Qufu: Confucian culture, supreme sage and foremost
    teacher, majestic grandeur, model of ritual architecture
    曲阜孔庙:儒家文化,至圣先师,气势恢宏,礼制典范 105
    第7章 The Natural Beauty of Chinese Architecture
    中国建筑自然之美 109
    7.1 The Summer Palace — the rhythm of mountains and water, man-made yet
    seemingly natural, royal grandeur颐和园—山水之韵,人作天开,皇家气度 110
    7.2 The Humble Administrator’s Garden — ingenious layout, water-centered design,
    and scholarly elegance拙政园—布局精巧,水景为主,文人雅趣 113
    7.3 The Lingering Garden — varied layout, water and mountain reflections, and
    reclusive culture留园—布局多变,山水相映,隐逸文化 117
    7.4 The Mountain Resort — grand layout, integration of mountains and water, royal
    retreat避暑山庄—布局宏大,山水交融,皇家避暑 120
    第8章 The Eternal Beauty of Chinese Architecture
    中国建筑永恒之美 124
    8.1 The Mausoleum of Emperor Qin Shi Huang — strict layout, grand scale, imperial
    dignity秦始皇陵—布局严谨,规模宏大,帝王威仪 125
    8.2 The Qianling Mausoleum of the Tang Dynasty — majestic layout, integrated mountain
    and mausoleum, imperial atmosphere唐乾陵—布局雄伟,山陵一体,帝王气象 128
    8.3 The Ming Tombs — unified layout, surrounded by mountains and water, royal ritual
    system明十三陵—布局统一,山水环抱,皇家礼制 130
    8.4 The Eastern Tombs of the Qing Dynasty — large in scale, built along the mountains,
    with a royal style清东陵—规模宏大,依山而建,皇家气派 133
    第9章 The Diverse and Innovative Beauty of Modern and Contemporary Architecture近现代建筑多元创新之美 137
    9.1 The Great Hall of the People — a landmark of the era, a national palace
    人民大会堂—时代地标,国之殿堂 138
    9.2 Sun Yat-sen Memorial Complex — solemn layout, built against the mountain, alarm
    bells always ringing 孙中山纪念建筑群—布局庄严,依山而建,警钟长鸣 141
    9.3 Beijing Peace Hotel — simple and practical, innovative functions, a symbol of the
    times北京和平宾馆—简洁实用,功能创新,时代象征 147
    9.4 The Beijing Workers’ Stadium — a sports landmark of the era
    北京工人体育场—时代的体育地标 149
    9.5 Bank of China Tower, Hong Kong — a financial landmark on Hong Kong Island’s
    skyline香港中国银行大厦—港岛天际的金融地标 152
    9.6 Taipei 101 Building — a shining landmark on the city skyline
    台北101大楼—城市天际的闪耀地标 156
    9.7 The Ruins of St. Paul’s Museum in Macao — a historical monument carved by time
    澳门圣保罗教堂遗址博物馆—时光雕琢的历史丰碑 160
    9.8 The National Stadium (the Bird’s Nest) — a world-class landmark integrating
    technology, culture and the green concept
    国家体育场(鸟巢)—融合科技、文化与绿色理念的世界级地标 162
    9.9 Qian Xuesen Library — a monumental building for commemoration and inheritance
    钱学森图书馆—纪念与传承的建筑丰碑 166
    9.10 The China Pavilion of the Shanghai World Expo — a modern interpretation of the
    five-thousand-year-old Chinese civilization
    上海世博会中国馆—五千年华夏文明的现代诠释 169
    9.11 The National Ski Jumping Center (“Snow Ruyi”) — a perfect integration of the
    pinnacle stage for ice and snow sports and the beauty of nature
    国家跳台滑雪中心(雪如意)—冰雪运动的巅峰舞台与自然之美的完美融合 173





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